Rice University researchers led by Qimiao Xi have discovered a unique quantum state of matter that may combine two key areas of physics: quantum matter and electronic topology.
This discovery was published on Natural physicscould become the basis for the creation of new quantum devices, including ultra-precise sensors, energy-efficient computing systems and new materials.
“This is a fundamental advance. Our work shows that strong quantum effects can interact to produce entirely new properties, paving the way for future technologies,” said Xi, the Harry K. and Olga K. Weiss Professor of Physics and Astronomy.
Quantum and topological importance
The quantum limit describes the behavior of electrons as they oscillate between different phases, like water about to freeze or boil. Topology in quantum physics studies the stable configuration of the electronic wave function that is preserved when the structure of the material changes. Previously, these phenomena were studied separately: topology was found in materials with weak interactions, and criticality was found in systems with highly correlated electrons.
Xi's team proposed a theoretical model that integrates these effects. They showed that strong interactions between electrons can initiate topological behavior, creating a hybrid state.
“We were surprised that quantum criticality itself could produce topological effects in strong interactions,” said Lei Chen, a Rice University graduate student and co-author of the paper.
Test confirmation
The theoretical conclusions were confirmed by experimenters from the Technical University of Vienna under the leadership of Silke Paschen. They studied a material with heavy fermions – the electrons in it behave like much more massive particles due to interactions. The observed behavior is consistent with the theoretical team's predictions and shows signs of a new topological quantum state.
Technology potential
The combination of quantum criticality and topology opens up opportunities for the development of quantum technology. Topological properties provide resistance to external influences, and criticality enhances quantum entanglement, making systems more sensitive and controllable. This is important for low-power sensors, superconductors, and computing devices.
“Our results fill a gap in condensed matter physics. Strong electronic interactions do not destroy topological properties but can create them. This opens up a new state of practical significance for the technology,” Xi explains.
How will this help create new materials?
This discovery allows the systematic search or design of materials at the quantum critical point and capable of forming topological structures. This approach gives scientists a tool to develop materials with predictable quantum properties and the potential to improve performance for electronics and sensors.
“Understanding where to look for these effects gives us the opportunity to move from theory to practical technology based on fundamental quantum physics,” Xi added.
